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Research in recent years has shown that gastric bypass before pregnancy may help reduce the risk of certain pregnancy complications. However, some of the benefits of gastric surgery may come at serious cost to the health of the baby. A case study presented at the American Academy of Pediatrics National Conference on October 3, 2010 shows that gastric bypass during adolescence may increase the baby's risk of developing neural tube defects.

The Role of Folic Acid to Prevent Neural Tube Defects

Health care providers and scientists have for many years explained the importance of folic acid during pregnancy. If mothers do not get adequate quantities of this B vitamin, either through diet and/or with the help of prenatal vitamins, it has been shown to dramatically increase their baby's chance of developing a neural tube defect such as spina bifida or anencephaly.

Since the development of the baby's brain and spinal cord occur in the earliest weeks of pregnancy, current the recommendation for women planning to become pregnant is to begin taking folic acid several months or even up to a year before planning to conceive. Research has shown that in order to reduce the chances of neural tube defects, most women who have not had gastric bypass will need between 400-800 mcg of folic acid before and during pregnancy.

Gastric Bypass and Lack of Nutrient Absorption

Research has shown that gastric bypass surgery affects the absorption of several nutrients. This can lead to deficiencies in these much-needed healthy vitamins and minerals. During pregnancy, when vital nutrients cannot be adequately absorbed into the mother's bloodstream, it means that the baby will also be getting less of those nutrients.

In the case of folic acid, researchers are discovering that gastric bypass restricts the levels of this crucial vitamin in early pregnancy. Clearly malabsorption and the subsequent deficiency of folic acid is the reason why women are at an increased risk of having a baby with a neural tube defect.

Babies Born to Teens More at Risk after Gastric Bypass

According to the study authors, there have been at least seven reported cases to date of babies born with neural tube defects to mothers who had had gastric bypass prior to pregnancy. Researchers believe that teens who have had gastric bypass are more at risk for having a baby born with a neural tube defect for several reasons.

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